- Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a molecule that is the main chemical in the mammalian (warm-blooded vertebrate) central nervous system that helps balance mood. Most of the immediate effects of GABA related to the nervous system are controlled by the GABA(A) class of receptors, which function as a gate to let certain electrolytes pass only when GABA is attached to the receptor (GABA is like a key).
- Much research has focused on the effects of naturally occurring GABA in the body and agents (including drugs and herbs) that increase the effects of this chemical. Many dietary supplements that are used to improve memory and sleep, including 5-HTP, hop, kava, lemon balm, passionflower, skullcap, and valerian, influence GABA already present in the body.
- Synthetic GABA has been examined to treat nerve-, heart-, and brain-related disorders. Reports state that GABA is likely safe to use for short-term, low-dose treatments. Many mood disorders have been associated with low levels of GABA in the blood, which can be increased with supplementation. GABA is commonly taken to relax or sleep, and it may help improve mood disorders, although experts do not support the use of GABA for this purpose.
- GABA has also been shown to increase growth hormone (GH) secretion in humans when taken orally; thus, GABA is popularly used as a bodybuilding supplement. However, there is a lack of evidence to support the anabolic effects of GABA supplementation.
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