- Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals. It is the main component of cartilage, skin, ligaments, tendons, bone, and teeth. More than 29 different types of collagen have been described. The most common forms in the human body are types I, II, III, and IV.
- Type II collagen is responsible for strength and toughness in the cartilage. This type of collagen is found in the joints, breastbone, and respiratory tract.
- Type II collagen accounts for over 50 percent of the dry weight of cartilage and is also found in small amounts in a number of tissues during early development.
- Preliminary evidence suggests that type II collagen may help relieve the pain of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some studies found that a product containing type II collagen may provide short-term pain relief for osteoarthritis patients. However, more evidence is needed before conclusions can be made regarding the use of type II collagen for any health condition.
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- Bagchi, D. Undenatured type II collagen for arthritis. Natural Pharmacy (USA) 2003;7(2)
- Barnett, M. L., Kremer, J. M., St Clair, E. W., Clegg, D. O., Furst, D., Weisman, M., Fletcher, M. J., Chasan-Taber, S., Finger, E., Morales, A., Le, C. H., and Trentham, D. E. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with oral type II collagen. Results of a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 1998;41(2):290-297. View Abstract
- Buckman K and Gutierrez J, et al. Effects of collagen type II for subjective pain relief. Applied health solutions 1999;
- Cathcart, E. S., Hayes, K. C., Gonnerman, W. A., Lazzari, A. A., and Franzblau, C. Experimental arthritis in a nonhuman primate. I. Induction by bovine type II collagen. Lab Invest 1986;54(1):26-31. View Abstract
- Forsblad, d'Elia H., Christgau, S., Mattsson, L. A., Saxne, T., Ohlsson, C., Nordborg, E., and Carlsten, H. Hormone replacement therapy, calcium and vitamin D3 versus calcium and vitamin D3 alone decreases markers of cartilage and bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN46523456]. Arthritis Res Ther 2004;6(5):R457-R468. View Abstract
- Funayama, A., Niki, Y., Matsumoto, H., Maeno, S., Yatabe, T., Morioka, H., Yanagimoto, S., Taguchi, T., Tanaka, J., and Toyama, Y. Repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects using injectable type II collagen gel embedded with cultured chondrocytes in a rabbit model. J Orthop.Sci 2008;13(3):225-232. View Abstract
- Garnero, P., Landewe, R., Boers, M., Verhoeven, A., Van Der Linden, S., Christgau, S., Van Der Heijde, D., Boonen, A., and Geusens, P. Association of baseline levels of markers of bone and cartilage degradation with long-term progression of joint damage in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: the COBRA study. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46(11):2847-2856. View Abstract
- Moskowitz, R. W. Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease. Semin.Arthritis Rheum 2000;30(2):87-99. View Abstract
- Nissim, A., Winyard, P. G., Corrigall, V., Fatah, R., Perrett, D., Panayi, G., and Chernajovsky, Y. Generation of neoantigenic epitopes after posttranslational modification of type II collagen by factors present within the inflamed joint. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52(12):3829-3838. View Abstract
- Pucci-Minafra, I, Albanese, NN, Di Cara, G, Minafra, L, Marabeti, MR, and Cancemi, P. Breast cancer cells exhibit selective modulation induced by different collagen substrates. Connective Tissue Research 2008;49(3-4):252-256.
- Ravn, P., Warming, L., Christgau, S., and Christiansen, C. The effect on cartilage of different forms of application of postmenopausal estrogen therapy: comparison of oral and transdermal therapy. Bone 2004;35(5):1216-1221. View Abstract
- Rubin, MG. Significant cosmetic benefits found with the combination of TCA peeling and injectable collagen implants. Cosmetic Dermatology (USA) 1994;7:21-22.
- Trentham DE, Halpner AD, Trentham RA, Bagchi M, Kothari S, Preuss HG, and Bagchi D. Use of undenatured type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical Practice of Alternative Medicine 2001;2(4):254-9.
- Trentham, DE., Townes, AS., and Kang, AH. Autoimmunity to type II collagen an experimental model of arthritis. J Exp Med 9-1-1977;146(3):857-868. View Abstract
- Zhang, L. L., Wei, W., Xiao, F., Xu, J. H., Bao, C. D., Ni, L. Q., and Li, X. F. A randomized, double-blind, multicenter, controlled clinical trial of chicken type II collagen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 7-15-2008;59(7):905-910. View Abstract
Disclaimer: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.
