- Beer is a popular alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of sugars derived from starch-based materials. Barley (malt), hops, water, and yeast are the major ingredients in beer.
- Archeological and biblical studies show that beer has been a part of human culture for thousands of years.
- According to secondary sources, the United States consumes less alcohol, including beer, than other countries in the world. European cultures vary by the types of alcohol consumed. Beer is the major contributor to alcohol consumption by men living in the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, and Denmark. In Murcia, Spain, women drink more beer than wine. In general, culture, age, and sex are important determinants of the type of alcohol consumed.
- At this time, there is a lack of strong scientific evidence to support beer consumption for any clinical purpose.
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Beer
Contents
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- Jugdaohsingh R, O'Connell MA, Sripanyakorn S, et al. Moderate alcohol consumption and increased bone mineral density: potential ethanol and non-ethanol mechanisms. Proc Nutr Soc 2006;65(3):291-310. View Abstract
- Lukasiewicz E, Mennen LI, Bertrais S, et al. Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the importance of type of alcoholic beverage. Public Health Nutr 2005;8(3):315-320. View Abstract
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- Miura Y, Hosono M, Oyamada C, et al. Dietary isohumulones, the bitter components of beer, raise plasma HDL-cholesterol levels and reduce liver cholesterol and triacylglycerol contents similar to PPARalpha activations in C57BL/6 mice. Br J Nutr 2005;93(4):559-567. View Abstract
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- Piskur J, Rozpedowska E, Polakova S, et al. How did Saccharomyces evolve to become a good brewer? Trends Genet 2006;22(4):183-186. View Abstract
- Rashidkhani B, Akesson A, Lindblad P, et al. Major dietary patterns and risk of renal cell carcinoma in a prospective cohort of Swedish women. J Nutr 2005;135(7):1757-1762. View Abstract
- Rohsenow DJ, Howland J, Minsky SJ, et al. Effects of heavy drinking by maritime academy cadets on hangover, perceived sleep, and next-day ship power plant operation. J Stud Alcohol 2006;67(3):406-415. View Abstract
- Wooding S. Evolution: a study in bad taste? Curr Biol 2005;15(19):R805-R807. View Abstract
- Zilkens RR, Burke V, Hodgson JM, et al. Red wine and beer elevate blood pressure in normotensive men. Hypertension 2005;45(5):874-879. View Abstract
Disclaimer: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.
